Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice ›› 2024, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 479-486.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2024.04.014
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LI Liang1, HUANG Ziyun2, YANG Yicheng1, WU Xueping1()
Received:
2024-03-05
Revised:
2024-03-24
Published:
2024-04-25
Online:
2024-05-08
Contact:
WU Xueping, E-mail: Supported by:
CLC Number:
LI Liang, HUANG Ziyun, YANG Yicheng, WU Xueping. Effect of ball-based physical activity on basic motor skills and executive function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder[J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice, 2024, 30(4): 479-486.
Table 1
Arrangement of content of ball physical activity program in the experimental group"
环节 | 活动内容 | 时间 |
---|---|---|
准备部分 | 慢跑、原地行进间热身操、体育游戏 | 10 min |
基本部分 | 进行球类技能学习和身体素质练习 | 40 min |
1~2周 | 球类技能:原地左右手单手拍球、双手交叉运球、体侧单手前后运球 身体素质练习:折返跑(有氧)、绳梯脚步练习(协调) | |
3~4周 | 球类技能:复习拍球练习(单手、交叉等)、行进间运球(直线快速) 身体素质练习:原地摸高、小猫爬(核心力量),侧滑步、前后交叉步(横移) | |
5~6周 | 球类技能:复习1~4周的内容、行进间体前变向运球、双手胸前传接球 身体素质练习:折返跑、连续单脚跳(力量),高抬腿(屈髋折叠) | |
7~8周 | 球类技能:复习1~6周的内容,一分线原地单手肩上投篮 身体素质练习:前滑步、侧滑步、转体、马步横移(双手打开、降重心) | |
结束部分 | 整理活动:放松操、拉伸练习 | 10 min |
Table 2
Comparison of basic motor skills scores pre and post intervention among three groups"
项目 | 健康对照组 (n = 14) | 对照组 (n = 12) | 试验组 (n = 16) | F值 | P值 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TGMD-3 | 干预前 | 79.90±4.91 | 70.50±3.63a | 67.50±3.90b | 34.699 | < 0.001 |
干预后 | 81.00±5.02 | 75.33±4.81a | 77.00±3.76b | 6.438 | 0.004 | |
位移技能 | 干预前 | 36.07±2.84 | 32.25±3.11a | 30.44±2.63b | 15.020 | < 0.001 |
干预后 | 37.21±2.64 | 35.50±4.06 | 34.63±2.73 | 2.900 | 0.670 | |
跑 | 干预前 | 7.07±0.73 | 6.83±1.11 | 6.69±1.35 | 2.172 | 0.128 |
干预后 | 7.36±0.84 | 7.08±1.16 | 6.56±1.15 | 2.172 | 0.128 | |
前滑步 | 干预前 | 6.50±1.22 | 6.08±0.67 | 6.19±0.66 | 0.585 | 0.565 |
干预后 | 7.57±0.76 | 6.83±1.34 | 6.88±0.36 | 1.697 | 0.196 | |
单脚跳 | 干预前 | 5.00±1.04 | 5.00±1.86 | 4.19±0.83 | 2.042 | 0.143 |
干预后 | 4.79±1.05 | 4.50±1.38 | 4.69±0.79 | 0.235 | 0.792 | |
蹦跳 | 干预前 | 4.64±1.15 | 4.75±1.29 | 3.81±1.83 | 1.757 | 0.186 |
干预后 | 5.14±1.29 | 4.92±1.24 | 4.81±1.33 | 0.251 | 0.780 | |
立定跳远 | 干预前 | 6.43±1.09 | 4.92±0.90a | 4.19±0.98b | 19.288 | < 0.001 |
干预后 | 5.64±1.22 | 5.51±0.38 | 5.63±1.20 | 0.049 | 0.953 | |
侧滑步 | 干预前 | 6.43±1.16 | 4.67±0.98a | 5.38±0.81b | 10.630 | < 0.001 |
干预后 | 6.71±1.14 | 6.25±1.60 | 6.06±1.18 | 0.971 | 0.388 | |
控制技能 | 干预前 | 43.86±3.21 | 38.25±2.01a | 37.06±3.36b | 21.272 | < 0.001 |
干预后 | 43.79±3.02 | 39.83±2.21a | 42.38±2.55c | 7.418 | 0.002 | |
单手原地拍球 | 干预前 | 3.50±1.70 | 3.83±1.27 | 3.31±0.95 | 0.532 | 0.592 |
干预后 | 4.29±1.38 | 4.42±1.00 | 4.19±1.05 | 0.134 | 0.875 | |
脚踢固定球 | 干预前 | 4.71±0.83 | 4.08±0.51 | 4.19±1.05 | 2.791 | 0.800 |
干预后 | 5.14±0.86 | 4.58±1.08 | 4.81±0.91 | 1.153 | 0.326 | |
双手接球 | 干预前 | 5.57±0.65 | 4.75±0.87a | 4.94±0.77b | 4.314 | 0.020 |
干预后 | 5.43±0.85 | 5.33±0.98 | 5.56±1.09 | 0.191 | 0.827 | |
肩上投球 | 干预前 | 6.79±1.37 | 5.08±1.44a | 4.69±1.70b | 7.693 | 0.002 |
干预后 | 6.00±1.71 | 5.25±1.36 | 6.06±1.12 | 1.336 | 0.275 | |
下手抛球 | 干预前 | 7.71±0.61 | 7.58±0.67 | 7.50±0.73 | 0.379 | 0.687 |
干预后 | 7.57±0.65 | 7.00±0.74 | 7.38±0.81 | 1.984 | 0.151 | |
双手挥棒击固定球 | 干预前 | 8.50±1.02 | 7.75±1.29 | 7.25±1.61b | 3.232 | 0.050 |
干预后 | 8.50±0.94 | 8.50±1.09 | 8.25±1.18 | 0.265 | 0.768 | |
单手握拍击反弹球 | 干预前 | 7.07±1.27 | 5.17±1.80a | 5.19±1.52b | 7.164 | 0.002 |
干预后 | 6.86±1.46 | 5.17±1.64 | 6.13±0.81c | 3.682 | 0.043 |
Table 3
Comparison of executive function scores pre and post intervention among three groups"
项目 | 测试指标 | 测试时间 | 健康对照组(n = 14) | 对照组(n = 12) | 试验组(n = 16) | F值 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n-back任务 | 1-back正确率 | 干预前 | 83.04±18.42 | 75.00±17.10 | 74.48±21.66 | 0.865 | 0.429 |
干预后 | 82.59±16.11 | 79.70±15.58 | 82.03±19.75 | 0.098 | 0.907 | ||
1-back反应时 | 干预前 | 1622.38±736.15 | 1450.23±843.31 | 1472.27±519.66 | 0.248 | 0.781 | |
干预后 | 1823.28±806.31 | 1421.80±922.64 | 1219.07±689.40 | 2.328 | 0.111 | ||
2-back正确率 | 干预前 | 70.09±16.48 | 67.19±11.03 | 67.19±19.70 | 0.143 | 0.867 | |
干预后 | 73.66±18.54 | 67.67±13.54 | 67.58±16.33 | 0.634 | 0.536 | ||
2-back反应时 | 干预前 | 2408.52±971.06 | 2109.94±1623.43 | 1938.06±855.97 | 0.440 | 0.647 | |
干预后 | 2080.91±1003.7 | 1782.48±1013.35 | 1327.59±797.21 | 2.488 | 0.096 | ||
Stroop色词任务 | 正确率(一致) | 干预前 | 96.43±8.02 | 91.15±9.78 | 91.41±11.38 | 1.254 | 0.297 |
干预后 | 98.21±3.82 | 92.19±7.60 | 95.31±10.08 | 1.95 | 0.156 | ||
反应时(一致) | 干预前 | 1022.70±345.02 | 933.73±327.58 | 1283.81±598.62 | 2.299 | 0.114 | |
干预后 | 1031.40±360.12 | 931.22±459.00 | 913.65±444.86 | 0.323 | 0.726 | ||
正确率(不一致) | 干预前 | 96.43±5.86 | 94.27±8.62 | 86.72±16.75 | 2.347 | 0.118 | |
干预后 | 92.86±15.28 | 92.19±8.89 | 92.05±15.33 | 0.014 | 0.986 | ||
反应时(不一致) | 干预前 | 1128.13±397.58 | 980.67±329.47 | 1243.42±529.88 | 1.238 | 0.301 | |
干预后 | 2311.57±4472.14 | 960.50±335.11 | 984.33±422.51 | 0.622 | 0.545 | ||
反应时差 | 干预前 | 105.43±151.07 | 46.94±191.74 | -40.39±326.47 | 1.373 | 0.265 | |
干预后 | 137.32±317.74 | 29.28±277.23 | 70.69±160.37 | 0.599 | 0.554 | ||
Task switching任务 | 正确率 | 干预前 | 87.50±13.65 | 87.50±10.66 | 86.72±8.19 | 0.025 | 0.975 |
干预后 | 94.20±9.32 | 90.10±8.20 | 91.80±10.13 | 0.634 | 0.536 | ||
反应时 | 干预前 | 1912.01±748.47 | 1786.53±777.64 | 2373.05±1238.53 | 1.462 | 2.244 | |
干预后 | 1729.61±751.27 | 1742.18±821.61 | 1435.28±770.90 | 0.736 | 0.486 |
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