Abstract: Objective To explore the factors associated with the complications of cranioplasty, infection and local epidural hematoma, such as age, sex, primary disease, skull defect and concomitant hydrocephalus. Methods 211 patients after cranioplasty were reviewed. Results 8 cases (3.8%) complicated one of them, in which 6 cases with local epidural hematoma and 2 cases with infection. The infection was more likely related with the areas of skull defect (P=0.003). No factor was found related with the local epidural hematoma. Conclusion It is necessary to focus the size of the frontal sinus when repairing the the frontal bone, to avoid the screw into the frontal sinus caused infection.

Key words: decompressive craniectomy, cranioplasty, complication, related factors