《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2024, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 577-585.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2024.05.012

• 应用研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

家长医患沟通效能对孤独症谱系障碍儿童康复效果的影响

卫宁1, 曾艳玲1, 蒋娜1, 张倩1, 益筱哲1, 王建云2, 王登廷2, 张艳2, 裴泓波1(), 黄朝荣2()   

  1. 1.兰州大学公共卫生学院,甘肃兰州市 730000
    2.甘肃省康复中心医院,甘肃兰州市 730000
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-15 修回日期:2024-04-11 出版日期:2024-05-25 发布日期:2024-06-12
  • 通讯作者: 裴泓波(1974-),女,汉族,甘肃天水市人,博士,副教授,主要研究方向:卫生项目评价, E-mail: peihb@lzu.edu.cn;黄朝荣(1964-),男,汉族,甘肃武威市人,硕士,主任医师,主要研究方向:康复医学。E-mail: 1185355287@qq.com
  • 作者简介:卫宁(2000-),男,汉族,山西运城市人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:卫生项目评价。
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省卫生健康行业科研项目(GSWSKY2022-04)

Impact of parental efficacy in doctor-patient communication on rehabilitation outcomes for children with autism spectrum disorder

WEI Ning1, ZENG Yanling1, JIANG Na1, ZHANG Qian1, YI Xiaozhe1, WANG Jianyun2, WANG Dengting2, ZHANG Yan2, PEI Hongbo1(), HUANG Chaorong2()   

  1. 1. School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
    2. Gansu Province Hospital Rehabilitation Center, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
  • Received:2024-03-15 Revised:2024-04-11 Published:2024-05-25 Online:2024-06-12
  • Contact: PEI Hongbo, E-mail: peihb@lzu.edu.cn; HUANG Chaorong, E-mail: 1185355287@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    Gansu Province Health Care Industry Research Program(GSWSKY2022-04)

摘要:

目的 从家长医患沟通效能的视角,探究针对孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童康复效果的潜在影响因素及其复杂作用路径,为提升ASD儿童的康复服务质量提供依据。

方法 采用面对面匿名问卷调查的方式,收集甘肃省儿童康复定点机构ASD儿童家长的一般信息、家长医患沟通效能、家长治疗依从性、儿童康复效果等相关资料,应用结构方程模型探索家长医患沟通效能对ASD儿童康复效果的影响机制。

结果 共收集甘肃省13个市/州37家儿童康复机构的ASD儿童家长519名,家长医患沟通效能、医患关系、家长治疗依从性和ASD儿童康复效果两两之间均呈正相关(P < 0.05);结构方程模型分析结果为:家长医患沟通效能对ASD儿童康复效果的标准化直接效应值为0.151 (P = 0.023),医患关系、家长治疗依从性的中介效应值分别为0.160 (P = 0.001)、0.111 (P = 0.001),医患关系和家长治疗依从性的链式中介效应值为0.035 (P = 0.001),“家长医患沟通效能→医患关系→ASD儿童康复效果”占总中介效应的比例最高,为52.29%。

结论 家长医患沟通效能可直接及间接通过医患关系和家长治疗依从性对ASD儿童康复效果发挥积极作用。康复机构应注重家长医患沟通效能的培养,加强高质量及人性化的康复服务。

关键词: 孤独症谱系障碍, 儿童, 医患沟通效能, 康复效果, 结构方程模型

Abstract:

Objective To explore the potential influencing factors and complex pathways affecting rehabilitation effect for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from the perspective of parental efficacy in doctor-patient communication, and to provide evidence for improving the quality of rehabilitation service for children with ASD.

Methods An anonymous face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted to collect general demographic information of parents of children with ASD at designated rehabilitation institutions in Gansu province. The data included parental efficacy in doctor-patient communication, parental compliance of treatment and children's rehabilitation outcomes were collected. A structural equation model was used to explore the impact mechanism of parental communication efficacy on the rehabilitation outcomes of children with ASD.

Results Data from 519 parents at 37 rehabilitation institutions across 13 cities/counties in Gansu province were collected. Significant positive correlations were found between parental efficacy in doctor-patient communication, doctor-patient relationships, parental compliance with treatment and rehabilitation outcomes for children with ASD (P < 0.05). Through structural equation model analysis, the standardized direct effect of children with ASD from parents' doctor-patient communication efficacy was 0.151 (P= 0.023). The mediating effect of doctor-patient relationship and parental compliance with treatment were 0.160 (P= 0.001) and 0.111 (P= 0.001), respectively, with a chained mediating effect of 0.035 (P= 0.001). The pathway "parental efficacy in doctor-patient communication → doctor-patient relationship → ASD child's rehabilitation outcome" accounted for the highest proportion of the total mediating effect, at 52.29%.

Conclusion Parental doctor-patient communication efficacy may positively impact on the rehabilitation outcomes of children with ASD directly, and indirectly through the doctor-patient relationship and parental compliance with treatment. Rehabilitation institutions should focus on fostering parental communication skills and enhancing high-quality and humanized rehabilitation services.

Key words: autism spectrum disorder, children, doctor-patient communication efficacy, rehabilitation outcome, structural equation model

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