有氧活动降低学龄儿童抑郁状态研究：基于社会心理功能5维度的多重中介效应分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2023.01.003

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2023, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 12-19.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2023.01.003

• 专题儿童心理与行为康复 • 上一篇下一篇

有氧活动降低学龄儿童抑郁状态研究：基于社会心理功能5维度的多重中介效应分析

张梦洁¹, 戴元富², 王琛², 谢弟发³, 蒋长好⁴()

1.福建师范大学体育科学学院，福建福州市 350108
2.首都体育学院，北京市 100191
3.东华镇中心小学，广东清远市 513061
4.首都体育学院运动脑科学研究中心，北京市 100089

收稿日期:2022-10-21 修回日期:2022-11-03 出版日期:2023-01-25 发布日期:2023-02-17
通讯作者: 蒋长好, E-mail: jiangchanghao@cupes.edu.cn
作者简介:张梦洁(1995-)，女，汉族，河南永城市人，博士研究生，主要研究方向：脑科学与运动认知。
基金资助:
1.国家自然科学基金项目(31771244);2.北京市社会科学基金项目(19YTA001);3.北京市自然科学基金项目(5212002);4.国家蛋白中心(北京)-北大分中心课题(KF-202102)

Aerobic activity reducing depression in school-age children: a multiple mediation effects analysis based on five dimensions of psychosocial functioning

ZHANG Mengjie¹, DAI Yuanfu², WANG Chen², XIE Difa³, JIANG Changhao⁴()

1. School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
2. Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China
3. Central Primary School of Donghua Town, Qingyuan, Guangdong 513061, China
4. Center of Neuroscience and Sports, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100089, China

Received:2022-10-21 Revised:2022-11-03 Published:2023-01-25 Online:2023-02-17
Contact: JIANG Changhao, E-mail: jiangchanghao@cupes.edu.cn
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31771244);Beijing Social Science Foundation(19YTA001);Beijing Natural Science Foundation(5212002);National Protein Science Center (Beijing)-Peking University Branch Project(KF-202102)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探究有氧能力对学龄儿童抑郁状态的影响机制，以及社会心理功能5维度(情感症状、品行问题、同伴问题、亲社会行为和过度活跃)在两者间的多重中介作用。

方法 2021年10至12月，采用整群抽样法，选取两所小学二至五年级学生，采用20米折返跑、儿童抑郁障碍自评量表和长处和困难问卷进行调查。

结果共391例学生参加有氧能力测试，其中312例参与问卷调查，回收有效问卷294份。有氧能力、抑郁状态、情感症状、同伴问题、亲社会行为和过度活跃各变量间两两相关(|r| > 0.127, P < 0.05) (除有氧能力与同伴问题、情感症状与亲社会行为外)；多重中介效应模型结果显示，有氧能力直接显著负向预测抑郁状态；情感症状、同伴问题、亲社会行为和过度活跃的中介作用显著，分别占中介效应量的34.37%、12.54%、34.06%和17.80%。

结论有氧能力既直接影响学龄儿童抑郁状态，也可通过降低情感症状、同伴问题、过度活跃，增加亲社会行为等途径，提高社会心理功能，间接影响抑郁状态。

关键词: 学龄儿童, 抑郁, 有氧能力, 社会心理功能

Abstract:

Objective To explore the mechanism of aerobic capacity on depression in school-age children, and the multiple mediators of the five dimensions of psychosocial functioning (emotional symptoms, conduct problems, peer problems, prosocial behavior and hyperactivity) between aerobic capacity and depression.

Methods From October to December, 2021, pupils of Grade two to Grade five from two primary schools were chester-sampled and investigated using 20-meter multistage shuttle run test, Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children, Self-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire.

Results A total of 391 pupils underwent 20-meter multistage shuttle run test, and 312 out of them answering the questionnaires, and 294 questionnaires were valid. Aerobic capacity, depression, emotional symptoms, peer problems, prosocial behavior and hyperactivity were significantly correlated with each other (|r| > 0.127, P < 0.05) (except aerobic capacity and peer problems, and emotional symptoms and prosocial behavior). The results of the multiple mediation effect model showed that aerobic capacity could directly and negatively predict depression, and the mediating effects of emotional symptoms, peer problems, prosocial behavior and hyperactivity were significant, accounting for 34.37%, 12.54%, 34.06% and 17.80% of the total mediating effect, respectively.

Conclusion The aerobic capacity could not only directly affect depression of school-age children, but also improve their psychosocial functioning by reducing emotional symptoms, peer problems and hyperactivity, and increasing prosocial behavior, to indirectly affect their depression.

Key words: school-age children, depression, aerobic capacity, psychosocial functioning

中图分类号:

R749.7

张梦洁, 戴元富, 王琛, 谢弟发, 蒋长好. 有氧活动降低学龄儿童抑郁状态研究：基于社会心理功能5维度的多重中介效应分析[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2023, 29(1): 12-19.

ZHANG Mengjie, DAI Yuanfu, WANG Chen, XIE Difa, JIANG Changhao. Aerobic activity reducing depression in school-age children: a multiple mediation effects analysis based on five dimensions of psychosocial functioning[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2023, 29(1): 12-19.

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变量	有氧能力	抑郁状态	情感症状	品行问题	同伴问题	亲社会行为	过度活跃
抑郁状态	-0.332^a
情感症状	-0.157^a	0.378^a
品行问题	-0.172^a	0.332^a	0.365^a
同伴问题	-0.111	0.245^a	0.150^a	0.155^a
亲社会行为	0.191^a	-0.332^a	-0.079	-0.441^a	-0.132^b
过度活跃	-0.127^b	0.366^a	0.366^a	0.550^a	0.181^a	-0.308^b
总体困难	-0.206^a	0.484^a	0.723^a	0.751^a	0.495^a	-0.342^a	0.770^a

线性方程		SE	t值	P值	R²
方程1	Y = -0.190X	0.032	-6.011	< 0.001	0.110
方程2	M1 = -0.039X	0.014	-2.711	0.007	0.025
	M2 = -0.036X	0.012	-2.993	0.003	0.030
	M3 = -0.021X	0.011	-1.905	0.058	0.012
	M4 = 0.050X	0.015	3.321	0.001	0.036
	M5 = -0.028X	0.013	-2.191	0.029	0.016
方程3	Y = -0.126X	0.029	-4.388	< 0.001	0.325
	Y = 0.577M1	0.122	4.726	< 0.001
	Y = 0.390M3	0.153	2.554	0.011
	Y = -0.446M4	0.113	-3.934	< 0.001
	Y = 0.415M5	0.141	2.935	0.004
	Y = 0.025M2	0.175	0.143	0.886	-

中介效应	效应值	标准误	95%CI	占总中介效应比例/%
有氧能力-情感症状-抑郁状态	-0.0222	0.0094	-0.0468~-0.0082	34.37
有氧能力-品行问题-抑郁状态	-0.0009	0.0075	-0.0166~0.0149	1.39
有氧能力-同伴问题-抑郁状态	-0.0081	0.0058	-0.0257~-0.0007	12.54
有氧能力-亲社会行为-抑郁状态	-0.0220	0.0080	-0.0406~-0.0092	34.06
有氧能力-过度活跃-抑郁状态	-0.0115	0.0080	-0.0333~-0.0007	17.80
总中介效应	-0.0646	0.0176	-0.1027~-0.0343	100.00
直接效应	-0.1255	0.0287	-0.1820~-0.0690	-
总效应	-0.1901	0.0316	-0.2523~-0.1278	-

有氧活动降低学龄儿童抑郁状态研究：基于社会心理功能5维度的多重中介效应分析

Aerobic activity reducing depression in school-age children: a multiple mediation effects analysis based on five dimensions of psychosocial functioning

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变量	阳性数/n	平均分
抑郁状态	93	12.23±5.12
情感症状	69	2.90±2.21
品行问题	97	2.79±1.87
同伴问题	156	3.81±1.67
亲社会行为	38	7.10±2.34
过度活跃	15	3.22±1.99
总体困难	67	12.73±5.36

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