不同干预方式对斜方肌在运动中激活模式的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2021.08.010

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2021, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (8): 951-961.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2021.08.010

不同干预方式对斜方肌在运动中激活模式的影响

张思渊^1,²,张培珍¹(),周兴龙³

1.北京体育大学运动医学与康复学院,北京市 100084
2.山西大同大学,山西大同市 037009
3.北京体育大学运动人体科学学院,北京市 100084

收稿日期:2019-07-25 修回日期:2021-06-28 出版日期:2021-08-25 发布日期:2021-08-25
通讯作者: 张培珍 E-mail:zhpzh17@hotmail.com
作者简介:张思渊(1993-),女,汉族,山西五寨县人,硕士,主要研究方向：运动康复与健康。|张培珍(1974-),女,汉族,山西原平市人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向：运动与心血管健康、运动健身与运动处方、运动营养。
基金资助:
国家科技基础性工作专项重点项目(2013FY114700);北京市优秀人才培养资助项目(2012D009010000001);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助课题(2020045);教育部"运动与体质健康"重点实验室支持项目

Effects of Different Interventions on Activation Mode of Trapezius Muscle during Exercise

ZHANG Si-yuan^1,²,ZHANG Pei-zhen¹(),ZHOU Xing-long³

1. School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
2. Shanxi Datong University, Datong, Shanxi 037009, China
3. Human Sport Science College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China

Received:2019-07-25 Revised:2021-06-28 Published:2021-08-25 Online:2021-08-25
Contact: ZHANG Pei-zhen E-mail:zhpzh17@hotmail.com
Supported by:
National Science and Technology Basic Work(2013FY114700);Program for the Excellent Talents of Beijing(2012D009010000001);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020045);Key Laboratory Program of Exercise and Physical Fitness, Ministry of Education

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的分析正常人斜方肌的激活特征,观察不同干预方式对斜方肌异常者激活模式恢复的作用。方法 2017年9月至10月,互联网招募肩关节正常人(正常组,n = 20)和肩关节不适者(观察组,n = 20),在无干预、上斜方肌(UT)静力牵拉、下斜方肌(LT)等长收缩和组合干预后,均完成直臂侧上举、坐姿划船和反向飞鸟动作。测试记录肌电信号的均方根值(RMS),计算最大自主收缩肌电百分比(MVE%),观察激活比例和激活时间。结果无干预时,与对照组比较,观察组UT MVE%增加(P < 0.05),激活时间提前(P < 0.05);中斜方肌(MT)和LT MVE%降低(P < 0.05),激活时间延迟(P < 0.05);UT/LT和UT/MT增加(P < 0.05)。UT静力牵拉、LT等长收缩和组合训练后,两组不同肌肉MVE%、激活时间、激活比例在不同动作下均有不同程度改变(P < 0.05)。结论斜方肌三束在不同动作中,激活程度与激活时间不同;在运动开始前进行UT静力牵拉和LT等长收缩可以改善肩关节不适者的斜方肌在运动中的激活模式,有利于肩关节发挥正常功能。

关键词: 斜方肌, 等长收缩, 静力牵拉, 激活模式, 表面肌电

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the activation characteristics of trapezius muscle in normal people, and explore whether different interventions could restore the activation pattern of people with abnormal trapezius muscles to normal during subsequent exercises. Methods From September to October, 2017, 20 persons with normal shoulder joints (control group) and 20 persons with mild discomfort in shoulder joints (observation group) participated in the study. All of them were treated randomly with four steps, including no intervention, static traction of upper trapezius muscle (UT), isometric contraction of lower trapezius muscle (LT) and combined intervention. Then, they were asked to complete three actions, including straight arm side lifting, sitting in rowing and flying birds. Myoelectric signal was recorded before and after test. Results Compared with the control group, the UT activation degree increased (P < 0.05), and the activation time shortened (P < 0.05); the activation degrees of middle trapezius muscle (MT) and LT decreased (P < 0.05), and the activation time delayed (P < 0.05); the ratios of UT/LT and UT/MT increased (P < 0.05) in the observation group with no intervention. After static traction of UT, isometric contraction of LT, and both interventions, the MVE%, activation time and the ratios of activation varied in different muscles under different actions in both groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion In different actions, the activation degree and activation time of three trapezius muscles are different. Static traction of UT and isometric contraction of LT before exercise could improve the activation pattern of trapezius muscles of people with shoulder joint discomfort during exercise, which is conducive to the normal function of the shoulder joint.

Key words: trapezius, isometric contraction, static traction, activation pattern, surface electromyography

张思渊,张培珍,周兴龙. 不同干预方式对斜方肌在运动中激活模式的影响[J]. 《中国康复理论与实践》, 2021, 27(8): 951-961.

ZHANG Si-yuan,ZHANG Pei-zhen,ZHOU Xing-long. Effects of Different Interventions on Activation Mode of Trapezius Muscle during Exercise[J]. 《Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice》, 2021, 27(8): 951-961.

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组别	n	性别(男/女,n)	年龄(岁)	体质量(kg)	身高(cm)	体质量指数(kg/m²)
正常组	20	9/11	20.7±1.3	61.6±13.4	167.7±8.5	21.7±2.9
观察组	20	13/7	21.5±1.7	67.2±12.4	171.6±7.1	22.6±2.9
t值		1.616	1.672	1.372	1.575	0.981
P值		0.203	0.055	0.093	0.065	0.169

组别	n	干预方式	LT	MT	UT	F值	P值
正常组	20	无干预	33.8±14.1	30.9±10.1	46.8±10.4	0.760	0.472
		UT静力牵拉	35.3±19.9	32.1±13.6	46.1±13.8	0.209	0.812
		LT等长收缩	37.3±10.2^d	32.9±14.1	47.1±7.7	0.438	0.648
		组合干预	36.7±14.8	34.6±13.2	47.1±14.1	0.227	0.798
观察组	20	无干预	28.1±14.4^a,c	18.6±13.3^a,c	57.5±11.4^a	2.266	0.017
		UT静力牵拉	27.3±11.9^b,c	20.0±11.1^c	49.5±12.6^d	1.999	0.046
		LT等长收缩	31.8±13.7^c	22.4±12.7^c	53.0±10.1	2.086	0.032
		组合干预	30.9±14.0^c	23.4±10.2^c	50.0±7.6^d	2.017	0.037

组别	n	干预方式	LT	MT	UT	F值	P值
正常组	20	无干预	44.4±15.8^c	40.6±19.6^c	25.3±9.9	2.141	0.016
		UT静力牵拉	42.9±17.4^c	38.7±17.3	26.6±11.3	2.013	0.049
		LT等长收缩	49.7±14.6^c,d	41.1±18.2^c	26.4±10.3	2.535	0.008
		组合干预	48.8±12.7^c,d	47.5±12.6^c,d	27.4±8.6	2.794	0.004
观察组	20	无干预	25.6±10.0^b	30.5±12.6	34.7±12.5	0.149	0.861
		UT静力牵拉	26.4±9.6^a	31.3±13.6	33.1±12.3	0.084	0.919
		LT等长收缩	28.4±6.7^a	35.6±11.2	37.3±10.9^a	0.232	0.794
		组合干预	27.4±9.9^a	33.7±11.8	31.4±13.6	0.072	0.930

组别	n	干预方式	LT	MT	UT	F值	P值
正常组	20	无干预	38.2±13.9	49.5±20.6	32.7±16.6	0.246	0.782
		UT静力牵拉	41.1±15.5	54.2±19.2	32.2±14.4	0.450	0.639
		LT等长收缩	45.6±21.3^c	53.2±23.9	35.2±14.1	0.200	0.819
		组合干预	42.2±16.6	51.7±21.0	33.4±12.7	0.286	0.752
观察组	20	无干预	29.8±9.9^a,b	44.1±17.3	41.9±12.9	2.246	0.017
		UT静力牵拉	31.7±17.2	47.0±18.4	42.0±20.8^a	0.171	0.843
		LT等长收缩	37.0±18.8^c,d	49.1±16.8	43.4±19.8^a	0.107	0.899
		组合干预	36.2±19.5	42.2±18.6	41.4±13.3	0.035	0.965

组别	n	干预方式	UT/LT	UT/MT	F值	P值
正常组	20	无干预	139.3±42.2	153.3±49.9	0.046	0.832
		UT静力牵拉	131.4±58.0	143.7±57.1	0.023	0.881
		LT等长收缩	127.0±48.3^c	146.8±45.4	0.089	0.767
		组合干预	130.0±53.2	138.2±46.7^c	0.014	0.908
观察组	20	无干预	203.5±62.8^b	316.4±71.2^b	1.414	0.242
		UT静力牵拉	181.4±40.4	245.2±69.3^b,c	0.633	0.431
		LT等长收缩	171.9±54.3^c	240.9±55.1^b,c	0.796	0.378
		组合干预	186.6±63.8^a	237.3±58.1^b,c	0.345	0.560

不同干预方式对斜方肌在运动中激活模式的影响

Effects of Different Interventions on Activation Mode of Trapezius Muscle during Exercise

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组别	n	干预方式	UT/LT	UT/MT	F值	P值
正常组	20	无干预	56.8±25.7	62.5±31.2	0.019	0.889
		UT静力牵拉	61.9±31.0	66.4±37.1	0.009	0.926
		LT等长收缩	53.0±23.6	63.4±35.3	0.060	0.808
		组合干预	56.2±25.1	57.4±22.1	0.001	0.972
观察组	20	无干预	146.0±58.1^a	113.3±46.9^a	0.192	0.664
		UT静力牵拉	143.9±59.1^a	106.4±41.3^a	0.271	0.606
		LT等长收缩	139.2±48.9^a	111.4±43.9^a	0.179	0.675
		组合干预	144.8±41.6^a	103.9±38.1	0.526	0.473

组别	n	干预方式	UT/LT	UT/MT	F值	P值
正常组	20	无干预	128.9±31.9	65.3±20.0	1.644	0.099
		UT静力牵拉	131.7±40.5	59.2±21.0^b	1.566	0.120
		LT等长收缩	117.4±53.0^b,c	66.0±32.3	0.686	0.413
		组合干预	121.7±47.0	64.7±19.0	1.264	0.268
观察组	20	无干预	151.7±54.4^a	93.1±37.5^a	0.787	0.381
		UT静力牵拉	151.6±63.7^a	89.3±32.3	0.761	0.389
		LT等长收缩	132.4±55.5^b,c	87.7±25.6	0.535	0.469
		组合干预	136.6±47.2^b	97.1±19.7^a	0.596	0.445

组别	n	干预方式	LT	MT	UT	F值	P值
正常组	20	无干预	631±303	420±224	467±307	0.156	0.856
		UT静力牵拉	579±304	383±189	792±369^b	0.475	0.624
		LT等长收缩	458±282	241±151	607±330	0.481	0.621
		组合干预	496±310	340±207	506±248	0.129	0.879
观察组	20	无干预	811±477	556±346	280±148	0.573	0.567
		UT静力牵拉	699±346	450±220	478±315	0.209	0.812
		LT等长收缩	477±235^a	530±276	343±259	0.140	0.869
		组合干预	501±294	425±179	397±240	0.049	0.952

组别	n	干预方式	LT	MT	UT	F值	P值
正常组	20	无干预	250±166^b	207±211^b	719±325	1.976	0.048
		UT静力牵拉	199±93^b	189±91^b	832±298	2.397	0.045
		LT等长收缩	105±76^b	157±84^b	798±308	2.428	0.035
		组合干预	174±133^b	150±111^b	801±341	2.207	0.046
观察组	20	无干预	350±269	634±346^a,b	277±175^a	2.211	0.047
		UT静力牵拉	250±128	532±282^a	484±276^c	0.397	0.674
		LT等长收缩	200±92	345±228^c	398±161^a	0.365	0.696
		组合干预	245±167	419±243^a	503±338^c	0.257	0.774

组别	n	干预方式	LT	MT	UT	F值	P值
正常组	20	无干预	140±31^b	160±61^b	459±278	2.596	0.022
		UT静力牵拉	127±66^b	112±50^b	659±341	2.041	0.038
		LT等长收缩	119±48^b	67±29^b	505±237	1.983	0.047
		组合干预	143±56^b	134±110^b	546±222	2.318	0.021
观察组	20	无干预	428±274^a	250±118	350±243	0.161	0.851
		UT静力牵拉	311±143	158±66	422±214	0.747	0.479
		LT等长收缩	198±123^c	77±64^c	423±139	1.576	0.099
		组合干预	393±214	165±78	378±132	0.704	0.499

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