《中国康复理论与实践》

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2014, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (12): 1101-1104.

• 专题 •    下一篇

老年人下肢肌力和功能性活动测试与步速的相关性

彭楠，周明，朱亚琼，王秋华，李晓瑛，黎春华，郭燕梅，陈蔚，戴建业
   

  1. 中国人民解放军总医院南楼康复医学科，北京市100853。
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2014-12-25 发布日期:2014-12-25

Relationship between Gait Speed and Muscle Strength of Lower Extremities or Physical Functional Tests

PENG Nan,ZHOU Ming,ZHU Ya-qiong, WANG Qiu-hua, LI Xiao-ying, LI Chun-hua, GUO Yan-mei, CHEN Wei, DAI Jian-ye.
  

  1. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,Nanlou, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2014-12-25 Online:2014-12-25

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摘要： 目的了解老年人下肢特殊肌群肌力和几种功能性活动测试与步速的相关性。方法341 名居家老年人(65~94 岁)，按步速<0.8 m/s 为肌少症的筛查标准，分为可疑肌少症组(n=137)和正常组(n=204)。比较两组人群的基本特征，下肢肌群(包括髂腰肌、股四头肌、腘绳肌、胫前肌)肌力，单腿站立测试、Berg 平衡量表、功能性步态测试、功能性伸展测试、计时起立-走测试评分，及其与步速的相关性。结果两组间体重、身高无显著性差异(P>0.05)，可疑肌少症组年龄较大(P<0.05)。双侧下肢肌群肌力两组间无显著性差异(P>0.05)；髂腰肌、股四头肌、腘绳肌肌力与步速呈弱相关(r=0.121~0.227, P<0.05)，胫前肌肌力与步速无显著相关性(P>0.05)。步速与单腿站立试验呈弱相关(r=0.121~0.236, P<0.05)，与Berg 平衡量表、功能性步态测试、功能性伸展试验评分呈中度相关(r=0.479~0.584, P<0.001)，与计时起立-走测试评分呈中度负相关(r=-0.502, P<0.001)；除功能性伸展测试(P=0.28)外，其他测试两组间均有非常高度显著性差异(P<0.001)。结论诊断肌少症不能仅依靠肌力，还应结合功能性活动。

关键词: 肌少症, 肌力, 下肢, 步速, 单腿站立试验, Berg 平衡量表, 功能性步态测试, 计时起立-走测试, 功能性伸展测试

Abstract: Objective To explore the relevance between gait speed and muscle strength of lower extremities, or several kinds of physical functional tests. Methods 341 community-dwelling individuals (160 males, 181 females) aged 65-94 years were selected. They were divided into suspected sarcopenia group (n=137) and normal group (n=204) by their gait speed less or more than 0.8 m/s. It was compared between both groups with the basic physical characteristics, strength of iliopsoas, quadriceps, hamstrings and tibialis anterior, and the scores of One Leg Standing Test, Berg Balance Scale, Functional Gait Assessment, Functional Stretch Test and Timed Up and Go Test. Results The subjects were older in the suspected sarcopenia group than in the normal group. The difference of body weight, height were not statistically significant between groups. The strength of the muscles in bilateral lower limbs was not significantly different between both groups (P>0.05), while the gait speed positively correlated with the strength of iliopsoas, quadriceps and hamstrings (r=0.121-0.227, P<0.05), but not with the tibialis anterior (P>0.05). Gait speed positively correlated with the scores of One Leg Standing Test, Berg Balance Scale, Functional Gait Assessment, Functional Stretch Test (P<0.05), and negatively correlated with the score of Timed Up and Go Test (r=-0.502, P<0.001). The scores of all the tests were significantly different between 2 groups (P<0.05), except that of Functional Stretch Test (P=0.28). Conclusion Sarcopenia diagnosis is not only depended on the strength of muscle of lower extremity, but also their functions.

Key words: sarcopenia, muscle strength, lower extremities, gait speed, One Leg Standing Test, Berg Balance Scale, Functional Gait Assessment, Timed Up and Go Test, Functional Stretch Test