《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2002, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (09): 534-536.

• 临床康复 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国24128例麻风新发现患者的畸残分析

严良斌; 张国成; 陈祥生; 余美文; 李文忠   

  1. 中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学皮肤病研究所康复研究室 江苏南京市 210042
  • 收稿日期:2002-04-08 出版日期:2002-09-25 发布日期:2002-09-25

Epidemiological study on disabilities in 24128 newly detected leprosy patients in China

YAN Liang-bin,ZHANG Guo-cheng,CHEN Xiang-sheng,et al   

  1. Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Beijing Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2002-04-08 Published:2002-09-25 Online:2002-09-25

摘要: 目的了解中国近11年来麻风新发现患者的畸残状况。方法统计分析1989—1999年全国各县、市24128例麻风现症病例初诊登记个案资料,数据由全国性病麻风病控制中心疫情监测系统提供。结果1989年全国麻风新发现患者的畸残率为46.49%,1999年为32.7%;Ⅱ级畸残率由1989年的25.55%,到1999年的22.06%;有19个省(市)畸残率超过40%。畸残者中,Ⅰ、Ⅱ级畸残分别为37.54%和61.04%,另1.42%为仅有脱眉、面瘫、塌鼻等其他畸残,Ⅱ级畸残率超过50%的有20个省(市)。年龄在15岁以下的畸残率为24.74% ,15—65岁者为39.3%,6 5岁以上者为53.33%。麻风病期在2年以内发生畸残者为28.95%,超过2年和5年者分别为48.06%和60.95%。有过麻风反应者畸残率为53.76%;少菌型患者的Ⅱ级畸残率(28.53% )明显高于多菌型(22.03%)。结论中国麻风新发现患者的畸残率较高,近11年虽有下降,但其程度无明显变化。因麻风诊断的延迟、麻风反应及麻风型别的不同 ,畸残率差异非常明显 ,不同性别、年龄间差异无显著性。早期发现患者,规则进行抗麻风联合化疗,有效处理及控制麻风反应是预防新发现患者发生畸残的有效方法。

关键词: 麻风, 畸残

Abstract: ObjectiveTo approach the status of leprosy disabilities in newly detected cases in recent 11 years in China.MethodsBased upon the records from the National Leprosy Recording and Reporting System in National Center for STD and Leprosy Control, 24128 leprosy cases detected during 1989-1999 in China were analyzed in terms of leprosy disbility.ResultsThe proportion of disabilies in newly detected leprosy cases in 1989 in whole country was 46.49% and decreased to 32.7% in 1999, and the proportions of cases with grade Ⅱ disabilities were 25.55% (1989) and 22.06% (1999). There were 19 provinces where disability rate was more than 40%. Out of patients with disabilities, those with grades Ⅰ and Ⅱ disabilities and with deformities (loss of eyebrow, facial paralysis or saddle nose) accounted for 37.54%, 61.04% and 1.42%, respectively. There were 20 provinces where grade Ⅱ disabilities accounted for more than 50% of all patients with disabilities. The disability rates in patients aged under 15 years, 15-65 years and over 65 years were 24.74%, 39.3% and 53.33%. The patients with a delay in detection of 2 years had a disability rate of 28.95%, and those with a delay of more than 2 years and 5 years had the rates of 48.06% and 60.95%, respectively. The disability rate was 53.76% in patients with leprosy reactions. The grade Ⅱ disability rate in paucibacillary patients (28.53%) was significantly higher than that in multibacillary ones (22.03%). Conclusions Disability rate of leprosy in newly detected cases is still high although it has decreased in the recent 11 years. The rate is associated with delay in detection, leprosy reaction and leprosy type. It suggests that early detection of leprosy patients, regular treatment with multidrug therapy, and management of leprosy reactions will be the effective measures to prevent disabilities of leprosy.

Key words: leprosy, disability