《中国康复理论与实践》

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2015, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (11): 1290-1293.

• 国际会议报道 • 上一篇    下一篇

压疮的综合防治

程圣英，冉林晋，刘腊梅，涂云芳，曾媛
  

  1. 作者单位：解放军 309医院门诊部，北京市 100091。
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2015-11-25 发布日期:2015-11-25

Prevention and Treatment for Pressure Ulcer (review)

CHENG Sheng-ying, RAN Lin-jin, LIU La-mei, TU Yun-fang, ZENG Yuan
  

  1. Out Patient Department, the 309th Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100091, China
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2015-11-25 Online:2015-11-25

PDF (PC)

摘要： 压疮是局部皮肤组织因长时间受压所致的皮肤或皮下组织溃烂和坏死。临床压疮的发生大多与患者高龄、长期卧床、多种慢性器质性疾病、机体抵抗力低下、血管炎性疾病、肢体活动不便，以及局部长期受压、血液循环差、潮湿不洁等因素有关。根据受损程度通常将压疮分为 4期。临床需对患者压疮危险进行评估，最常用的为 Braden计分法。预防压疮要在改善患者全身状况，治疗基础疾病的基础上，注意清洁，避免局部长期受压，及时发现可疑征象。一旦发生压疮，应采取局部减压、清理伤口、保持创面湿性愈合环境、应用新型伤口敷料以及局部药物外敷，及使用封闭式负压引流技术等措施，配合心理护理和护患沟通。

关键词: 压疮, 分期, 危险因素, 评估, 预防, 治疗, 综述

Abstract: Pressure ulcer is a kind of cutaneous and subcutaneous exelcosis and necrosis as suffered long-term pressure. Pressure ulcer mainly related with age, long-term in bed, chronic diseases, lower resistibility, vasculitis and less activities, as well as long-term pressing, poor blood circulation and untidy body environment. Pressure ulcer can be classified into 4 stages with severity. The risk to pressure ulcer should be evaluated, mainly with Braden score. Prevention of pressure ulcer included keeping clean, avoiding long-term pressure and finding potential pressure ulcer as soon as possible, based on improving the system situation and dealing with original diseases. For the patients suffered from pressure ulcer, it was important to decompress, debride the wound, keep humidity, and apply some new dressing with external drugs and vacuum sealing draining (VSD) and good psychological nurse and communication.

Key words: pressure ulcer, stage, risk factors, evaluation, prevention, treatment, review