《中国康复理论与实践》

《中国康复理论与实践》 ›› 2011, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (7): 691-694.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

北京市2010 年新生儿听力筛查状况及影响因素分析

张晚霞，袁雪，陈雪辉   

  1. 首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院，北京妇幼保健院，北京市 100026。
  • 收稿日期:2011-05-19 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2011-07-25 发布日期:2011-07-25
  • 通讯作者: 袁雪

Universal Newborn Hearing Screening in Beijing in 2010 and Its Related Factors

ZHANG Wan-xia, YUAN Xue, CHEN Xue-hui.   

  1. Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100026, China
  • Received:2011-05-19 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2011-07-25 Online:2011-07-25

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被引次数

11

摘要： 目的统计北京市2010 年新生儿听力筛查状况，分析相关因素对质量指标的影响。方法自制问卷对全市106 家助产机构2010 年的新生儿听力筛查状况进行调查，并结合2010 年新生儿听力筛查上报资料进行统计描述。结果2010 年全市106 家已开展听力筛查的助产机构共筛查新生儿159888 人，听力筛查初筛率91.99%，初筛未通过率10.32%；复筛率72.30%，复筛未通过率13.27%；两步筛查后需转诊率0.99%。本市户籍新生儿的初筛率和复筛率较外地户籍新生儿高，城区助产机构的初筛率和复筛率较远郊区县助产机构高。不同助产机构的地区分布、筛查仪器的品牌和类型、筛查场地、初筛次数及筛查人员职称结构和在岗稳定性等因素影响下的初筛未通过率有显著性差异，其中城区助产机构高于远郊区县，畸变产物耳声发射高于瞬态声诱发耳声发射，床旁筛查高于独立房间内筛查，住院期间仅接受1 次初筛高于重复筛查。结论2010 年北京市本市户籍听力筛查质量指标接近发达国家水平。要进一步提高初筛率，重点应放在外地户籍和农村地区的筛查管理上。规范筛查仪器、筛查人员资质、筛查环境和筛查技术要求，有助于将筛查质量指标维持在合理化区间。

关键词: 新生儿, 听力筛查, 初筛率, 初筛通过率, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To describe the results of the Universal Newborn Hearing Screening (UNHS) in Beijing in 2010; and investigatethe factors related with the results. Methods The result of the UNHS investigated by 106 maternity hospitals were reported. These hospitalswere investigated with the self-made questionnaire. Results In 2010, 159888 infants (91.99%) were screened in 106 maternity hospitals inBeijing as the 1st stage UNHS. 10.32% of them failed OAE tests. 72.30% received the 2nd stage UNHS and 13.27% of them failed testsagain. The referral rate was 0.99% in the end. The screening rate of both the 1st and 2nd stage was more in the newborn with Beijing householdregistration than in those with other household registration, as well as the hospitals in urban than in rural areas. For the rate fail in the1st stage UNHS, it was more in hospitals in urban than in rural areas, with distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) than with transientevoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE), by the bed than in the special room, and screening only once than screening again. ConclusionThe quality of UNHS is as high as in the developed countries in the newborn with Beijing household registration. To further improvethe screening rate, it is important to focus on the newborn with other household registers and the hospitals in rural areas. The instrument, personnelqualifications, environment and operation need to be further standardized.

Key words: newborn, hearing screening, passing rate, related factor